今後のイベント

Cybernetics is not only an ephemeral and contingent event in intellectual history, but rather it meant firstly to be a new science of machines, which breaks away from the mechanism of the 17th century, that is why Norbert Wiener in his 1948 Cybernetics: or the Control and Communication in Machine and Animals could claim that cybernetic machines overcome the dichotomy between the biological Bergsonian time and the mechanical Newtonian time; secondly, a universal discipline, it is able to unify all other scientific disciplines, and later also disciplines of the social sciences, demonstrated by the so-called Second Order Cybernetics; thirdly the latest development of Western philosophy, which led to Martin Heidegger’s claim that cybernetics marks the end or completion of Western philosophy.

Today cybernetics has already been absorbed in almost all engineering disciplines as well as in art and humanities, and realized what it has promised as a universal method. The significance of cybernetics remains to be questioned and taken beyond what has been characterized as control and surveillance. More than ever, we are living in an epoch of cybernetics, however, we still fall prey to the dichotomy of nature and culture without understanding the significance and the limits of cybernetics. Cybernetics brought forward a digital earth, where one finds the end of nature and the beginning of ecology. We, moderns, are alcoholics, who failed to get out of the positive feedback of progress, like what Nietzsche describes in the Gay Science, the pursuit of the infinite leads to the realization that nothing is more frightening than the infinite. A new recursive epistemology in the sense of Gregory Bateson, which inherits cybernetic thinking while seeking to overcome its intoxication, is needed for the program of re-orientation.

This research program titled “Cybernetics for the 21st Century” aims to firstly reconstruct the history of cybernetics, from the perspectives of different geographical locations, political projects and philosophical reflections; and secondly to ask what might be the contribution of the cybernetic movement to the new form of thinking that is urgently needed to understand and reorient our digital earth.

Cybernetics for the 21st Century Symposia

The first edition of the program consists of eight lectures and two symposia with the presentation of philosophers, historians of science, and sociologists, including Andrew Pickering, Katherine Hayles, Brunella Antomarini, Slava Gerovitch, David Maulén de los Reyes, Michal Krzykawski, Mathieu Triclot, Daisuke Harashima. The program is hosted by Yuk Hui and organised by Jianru Wu.

Jointly presented by: Media Lab of Guangdong Times Museum, Research Network for Philosophy and Technology, and Hanart Forum

Online Symposia: January 10-11, 2023 at Hanart Forum, Hong Kong

Cybernetics for the 21st Century Symposium (I)

January 10, 8-10pm (GMT+8)

Theme: Locality and Epistemology

Guests: Andrew Pickering, Slava Gerovitch, David Maulén de los Reyes, Michal Krzykawski

Host and Discussant: Yuk Hui

Symposia will be livestreamed with simultaneous translation.

Registration

Cybernetics for the 21st Century Symposium (II)

January 11, 9–11pm (GMT+8)

Theme: Politics and Artificial Life

Guests: Katherine Hayles, Brunella Antomarini, Daisuke Harashima

Host and Discussant: Yuk Hui

Symposia will be livestreamed with simultaneous translation.

Registration

Lectures uploaded: October 28th – December 16th, 2022

All eight lectures with both English and Chinese subtitles could be found online.

Local Futures – Technophany, Launch Event

Could Yuk Hui’s concept of cosmotechnics be a useful tool for thinking about the particularity of a Latin American technological thinking? Approaching the fragmentary possibilities of Latin American techniques, which are linked by a shared territory and history yet not unified by them, is a strategy for reevaluating the effects of technological imperialism. This process has, nevertheless, no intention of homogenizing languages, mythologies, religions, cultures, ontologies and technics themselves. We rather aim to direct ourselves towards futures, which from the viewpoint of inclusion, we haven’t been able to imagine yet.

In this event we’ll have a conversation around the question of a possible latinoamerican cosmotechnics with some of the authors of Technophany’s first special issue ‚Local Futures / Futuros Locales‘.

Date: Dec. 15th, 10:30 -12:30h (Mexico City) / 15 de Diciembre, 10:30 – 12:30, CDMX

Venue: Room E, Coordinación de Investigación, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, UNAM, Mexico City

Speakers:

Online

Hugo Esquinca
Joel White
Renzo Filinich Orozco
Javier Blanco
Emma Baizabal

Present

Ana María Guzmán Olmos
Francisco Barrón
Alan Díaz
Eduardo Makoszay
Francisca Zalaquett

Cybernetics for the 21st Century
Lectures and Symposium

Cybernetics is not only an ephemeral and contingent event in intellectual history, but rather it presents itself firstly as a new science of machines, which breaks away from the mechanism of the 17th century, that is also the reason for which Norbert Wiener in his 1948 Cybernetics: or the Control and Communication in Machine and Animals could claim that cybernetic machines can live a Bergsonian time, namely a biological, creative and irreversible time, in contradistinction to the Newtonian time, which is mechanical, repetitive and reversible; secondly, as a universal discipline, which is able to unify all other scientific disciplines, and later also disciplines of the social sciences, exemplified by the work of Niklas Luhmann, Heinz von Foerster, Maturana and Varela, later called the Second Order Cybernetics; thirdly as a philosophy, or more precisely the latest development of Western philosophy, that which led to Martin Heidegger’s claim that cybernetics marks the end or completion of Western philosophy and metaphysics.

Today we don’t often hear the term cybernetics in universities, and Heidegger’s assertion that cybernetics marks the end of philosophy may sound reactionary since philosophy departments continue to exist, but cybernetics is no longer in the syllabus of university disciplines. The truth is that cybernetics has already been absorbed in almost all engineering disciplines as well as subjects of art and humanities, notably art, media studies and philosophy of technology, and therefore it has realized what it has promised as a universal method; The significance of cybernetics remains to be questioned and taken far beyond what has been characterized as Californian Ideology and its reminiscence. McLuhan said in an interview in the 1970s that the launch of the Sputnik marks the end of nature and the beginning of ecology. With the later image of the whole earth taken from the satellite in the 1960s, the earth became a veritable artifice, or a spaceship in the sense of Buckminister Fuller. It was also at this turning point that the relation between human, nature, and technology entered a new epoch.

This new epoch is where we are living, and more than ever, we are living in an epoch of cybernetics, however, we still easily fall prey to a dichotomy of nature and culture without really understanding the significance and the limits of cybernetics. We, moderns, are alcoholics, who failed to get out of the positive feedback of progress, like what Nietzsche describes in the Gay Science, the pursuit of the infinite leads to the realization that nothing is more frightening than the infinite.  A new recursive epistemology in the sense of Gregory Bateson, which inherits cybernetic thinking while seeking to overcome its intoxication, is needed for the program of re-orientation. This new program can only set off from cybernetics and it can only survive by going beyond cybernetics.

This two years public research program of the Times Museum Media Lab titled “Cybernetics for the 21st Century” aims to firstly reconstruct the history of cybernetics, from the perspectives of different geographical locations, political projects and philosophical reflections; and secondly to ask what might be the contribution of the cybernetic movement to the new form of thinking that is urgently needed to understand and reorient our digital earth. The first edition of the program consists of eight lectures and two symposiums with the presentation of philosophers, historians of science, and sociologists, including Andrew Pickering, Katherine Hayles, Brunella Antomarini, Slava Gerovitch, David Maulén de los Reyes, Michal Krzykawski, Mathieu Triclot, Daisuke Harashima. The program is hosted by Yuk Hui and curated by Jianru Wu.

Host:  Media Lab of Guangdong Times Museum, Research Network for Philosophy and Technology

Co-Organizer: Hanart Forum

The launch of the program is made possible by the support of M Art Foundation

Supported Networks: Research Center for Science and Human Imagination, Southern University of Science and Technology; CUHK (Shen Zhen) University Arts Centre; Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society (AIRS)

Supported Media: thepaper.cn, The Thinker, LEAP

Supported by Guangdong Times Museum

Special thanks to Times China

Time: October 28th – December 16th, 2022

Lectures will be screening on Lecture Series | Medialab

Speakers and Lectures

October 28th
Andrew Pickering

Andrew Pickering is now Professor Emeritus of sociology and philosophy at the University of Exeter, UK. He has held fellowships at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton and the Stanford Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, and universities including MIT, Princeton, and Durham. He is a leading figure in science and technology studies and has published widely on the history, sociology and philosophy of science, technology and mathematics. His writings have been translated into many languages, including Chinese translations of his books Constructing Quarks: A Sociological History of Particle Physics, Science as Practice and Culture and The Mangle of Practice: Time, Agency and Science. His most recent book is The Cybernetic Brain: Sketches of Another Future. He is now working on cybernetic relations with nature and cybernetic art.

Lecture: Cybernetics in Britain

November 4th
Slava Gerovitch

Slava Gerovitch teaches history of mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He holds two PhDs: one in philosophy of science (from the Institute for the History of Natural Sciences and Technology in Moscow) and one in history and social study of science and technology (from MIT’s Science, Technology and Society Program). He has written extensively on the history of Soviet mathematics, cybernetics, cosmonautics, and computing. He is the author of From Newspeak to Cyberspeak: A History of Soviet Cybernetics (MIT, 2002), which won an honorable mention for the Vucinich Book Prize for an outstanding monograph in Russian studies, Voices of the Soviet Space Program: Cosmonauts, Soldiers, and Engineers Who Took the USSR into Space (Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), and Soviet Space Mythologies: Public Images, Private Memories, and the Making of a Cultural Identity (University of Pittsburgh, 2015), the winner of the Gardner-Lasser Aerospace History Literature Award and a finalist for the Historia Nova Prize for the best book on Russian intellectual and cultural history.

Lecture: Cybernetics Across Cultures: The Localization of the Universal

November 11th
Michal Krzykawski

Michał Krzykawski, Associate Professor in philosophy and head of the Centre for Critical Technology Studies at the University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland. His research revolves around continental philosophy of science and technology, critical theory, and political economy. He is particularly interested in a dialogue between philosophical thinking, technology and science in the context of epistemological, psychosocial, and ecological issues related to the current digital transformation. He is the author of  The Other and the Common. Thirty-Five Years of French Philosophy (2017, in Polish) and co-author of Bifurcate. ‘There Is no Alternative,’ edited by Bernard Stiegler with the Internation Collective (2021).

Lecture: Cybernetics and Communism: Cybernetic Thinking in the Polish People’s Republic

November 18th
David Maulén de los Reyes

David Maulén de los Reyes teaches history of technology at the Metropolitan Technological University (UTEM). He has written about the relationships between art, science, and technology in Chile and Latin America within the processes of social change, developing a specific methodology of the sociology of symbolic production for the retrospective study of project disciplines such as design, architecture, urban planning, and engineering. He has been the curator of the third Biennial of the National Museum of Fine Arts MNBA “Situation of Chilean Contemporary Art;” the project for the new Gabriela Mistral cultural center, visualization of information “Genealogical Trajectories of Buildings for the 3rd United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD III,” and the IFA project “Everyone is a Bauhaus. Past and future of a concept,” at ZKM. He has contributed to the platform “Is Modernity Our Antiquity?” XII Documenta in Kassel. He was co-editor of the special issue on Cybernetics in Latin America published by Springer’s AI & Society Journal, research that he has continued developing.

Lecture: Why Did Cybernetics Disappear in Latin America? An Incomplete Timeline

November 25th
Brunella Antomarini

Brunella Antomarini teaches Aesthetics and Contemporary philosophy at John Cabot University, Rome. She lives in Rome and has a pluri-disciplinary education in contemporary epistemology, aesthetics, anthropology, and post-humanism. Her current research concerns the analysis of the common functions of the organic body and the retroactive machine through an epistemological convergence of different views, such as pragmatism, cybernetics, and systems theory. Among her recent publications: Le macchine nubili (Castelvecchi, Rome, 2020). “The Xenobots as Thought-Experiment: Teleology Within the Paradigm of Natural Selection,” (Studi di Estetica No. 23, 2/2022) “Contact in Absentia: Toward a Cybertouch,” (The Covid Spectrum. Theoretical and Experiential Reflections from India and Beyond, 2021). Peirce and Cybernetics: Retroduction, Error and Auto-Poiesis in Future Thinking. (“Cognitio”, São Paulo, 2017). The Maiden Machine: Philosophy in the Age of the Unborn Woman (Edgewise, New York, 2013); Thinking Through Error. The Moving Target of Knowledge (Lexington Books Lanham, 2012).

Lecture: Leibniz’ Teleology, or A Pre-history of Cybernetics

December 2nd
Mathieu Triclot

Mathieu Triclot teaches philosophy at the University of Technology of Belfort-Montbéliard, France. His research belongs to the French tradition of “philosophy of technical milieux” (Simondon, Beaune, Stiegler). His first book Le moment cybernétique focused on the history of American cybernetics and the invention of the notion of information. Since the publication of Philosophie des jeux vidéo, he has participated in the development of game studies in the French-speaking world, notably by defending the perspective of play studies, centered on the phenomenological analysis of the regimes of experience with the computing machine. He has participated in numerous research projects in the field and is now focusing on the problems of a “techno-aesthetic” and the analogies between games and music or dance, focusing in particular on the relationship between gesture, computer program and image. More recently, his research focuses on the role that the notion of “technical milieux” can play in the context of design and the reform of engineering training.

Lecture: Cybernetics for the 21^st Century? Or Ontology and Politics of Information in the First Cybernetics

December 9th
Daisuke Harashima

Daisuke Harashima is a research associate of Future Robotics Organization at Waseda University (Tokyo, Japan). He writes and teaches on humanities and technics in contemporary information societies from the perspective of fundamental informatics and new cybernetics, which focuses on the differences between living beings and machines as systems, to reflect on the modern technological condition and to realize new values based on respect for life. His writings are published in books, including Critical Words: Media Theory (Filmart, 2021; co-authored, in Japanese), Autonomy in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Reconstructing the Basic Concept for the Future [AI jidai no jiritsusei: Mirai no ishizue to naru gainen wo saikouchiku suru] (Keiso Shobo, 2019; co-authored, in Japanese), Frontiers of Fundamental Informatics: Can Artificial Intelligence Have Its Umwelt? [kiso jouhogaku no furonteia: jinkou chinou ha jibun no sekai wo ikirareruka?] (University of Tokyo Press, 2018; co-authored, in Japanese), and in journals including Gendai Shiso and Eureka. He is also the translator of Yuk Hui’s Recursivity and Contingency [Saikisei to Guzensei] (Seidosha, 2022; in Japanese) and Tim Ingold’s Being Alive [Ikiteirukoto: Ugoku, Shiru, Kijutsusuru] (Sayusha, 2021; co-translated, in Japanese).

Lecture: Life-in-formation: Cybernetics of Heart (Cybernetics for the 21^st Century)

December 16th
Katherine Hayles

Katherine Hayles, Distinguished Research Professor of English at the University of California, Los Angeles and the James B. Duke Professor of Literature Emerita at Duke University, teaches and writes on the relations of literature, science and technology in the 20^th and 21^st centuries. She has published eleven books and over 100 peer-reviewed articles, and her research has been recognized by a Guggenheim Fellowship, two National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowships, a Rockefeller Residential Fellowship at Bellagio, a National Humanities Center Fellowship, and a University of California Presidential Award, among other awards. She is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Her books have won numerous awards, including the Rene Wellek Prize for the Best Book in Literary Theory in 1998-99 for How We Became Posthuman:  Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics, and the Suzanne Langer Award for Outstanding Scholarship for Writing Machines.   She writes on media theory, experimental fiction, literary and cultural theory, science fiction, and contemporary American fiction.  She has won two teaching awards, and has held visiting appointments at Princeton, University of Chicago as the Critical Inquiry Visiting Professor, and Institute for Advanced Studies at Durham University UK, among others.  Her most recent book is Postprint:  Books and Becoming C’omputational (2021, Columbia UP).

Lecture: Detoxifying Cybernetics:  From Homeostasis to Autopoiesis and Beyond

December (time and topics to be announced)
Symposium: Cybernetics for the 21^st Century

About Media Lab

Initiated in 2019 and officially established in December 2021, the Media Lab of Guangdong Times Museum is dedicated to contemplating and exploring the languages and traditions of art from the perspective of media and technology in an era of accelerated technological development. It aims to deliver a new vision of art and technology by experimenting with the ways in which digital media build new social relationships and foster cultural imagination through rehearsals and speculations.

About Research Network for Philosophy and Technology

The Research Network for Philosophy and Technology was established in 2014 as a project to rethink the relation between philosophy and technology, and the future of this relation from global and historical perspectives. It is first of all an attempt to address the varieties of technological thought, in comparison with and also beyond the dominant Promethean discourses. It also wants to elaborate on and develop further the relevance between non-modern thoughts and modern technologies. These questions are often undermined and ignored in the established academic disciplines on technology and philosophy; this is also the reason for which this network hopes to bring together different points of views and new thinking, based on solid historical research, philosophical speculations and experiments.

About M Art Foundation

M Art Foundation (MAF) is an artist-driven organization founded to support, nurture, and realize the aspirations of leading and emerging contemporary artists pursuing concepts and practices across borders and boundaries. Acting outside of existing institutional formats but maintaining the highest quality and rigor, MAF helps artist find new possibilities in both research and production by matchmaking constellations of cutting-edge positions. We turn ideas into realities.

Organization : Anne Alombert (Université Paris 8, Laboratoire d’études et de recherches sur les logiques contemporaines de la philosophie), Chiara Giaccardi and Mauro Magatti (Universita Cattolica Milano, Centre for the Anthropology of Religion and Cultural Change), Gaël Giraud (Georgetown University, Environmental Justice Program), Michał Krzykawski (University of Silesia in Katowice, Centre for Critical Technology Studies), Yuk Hui (City University of Hong Kong, School of Creative Media), Mark Swilling (Stellenbosch University, Sustainability Institute), Daniel Ross.

Contacts : anne.alombert@univ-paris8.fr / michal.krzykawski@us.edu.pl

The Anthropocene is a new geological epoch in which human disturbances are having an impact, not only on the biosphere, but on the whole Earth, understood as a complex system (Hamilton 2014; Hamilton, Grinevald 2015). Confronted with the Anthropocene, modern humans, who have through their exosomatic (and now hyper-industrial) activities transformed and harmed the biosphere, are certainly no longer “masters and possessors of nature” as famously described by Descartes: on the contrary, it is now the technosphere itself, as a planetary network of technical systems, that seems to occupy the driver’s seat, and on many interrelated scales.

In Bifurcate: “There is No Alternative”, a book edited by philosopher Bernard Stiegler with the Internation Collective (2021), it is claimed that the Anthropocene can be termed an Entropocene, as it corresponds to increasing rates of entropy production in all its forms: thermodynamic entropy (the degradation of energy), biological entropy (the reduction of biodiversity), informational entropy (the reduction of knowledge to information, the incalculable to the calculable, which incidentally gives rise to negative effects that can themselves be defined as psychic and social entropies). Departing from the opposition between technological humankind and nature, Stiegler’s diagnosis encourages us to reconsider the relationship between various phenomena found in the technosphere: on the one hand, the depletion of resources, the destruction of ecosystems and the reduction of biodiversity under the effect of extractivist capitalism based on the exploitation of fossil fuels; on the other hand, the disruption of institutions, the destruction of cultures and the reduction of noodiversity under the effect of computational capitalism based on the exploitation of data.

In such a context, the challenges of achieving ecological and technological transitions can no longer be addressed separately. Instead, a transversal approach to these overlapping phenomena is required: different modes of understanding must be brought together, beyond the rift between “hard” and “soft” sciences, in order to bring the question of entropy into focus in the context of the Anthropocene-cum-Entropocene. Since the beginning of the 20th century, “that eminently abstract concept of entropy” has proved to be problematic and posed many theoretical difficulties: from thermodynamics in physics, as well as in biology, information theory and economics, and up to complex systems science, a series of misunderstandings seems to have shaped the interpretation and understanding of this concept. Given our current situation, an interscientific understanding of entropy should be adopted, aiming at a reconsideration of its meaning and significance, not only from a thermodynamic viewpoint grounded in physics, but also in relation to perspectives emerging from ecology, theoretical biology, anthropology, technology, sociology, economics and political theory.

This seminar series seeks to encourage an interscientific debate on entropy with the aim of :

1. shedding new light on the underlying epistemic issues related to the interpretation of this concept,
2. offering a transdisciplinary understanding of the multidimensional ecological
3. opening new perspectives for the future of/in the “entropocenic”

PROVISIONAL PROGRAM
 

The seminar will take place online one’s a month at 4 pm (CET).

. 20 September 2022 – Contributory Economy in the Entropocene
– Anne Alombert and Michal Krzykawski

. 10 October 2022 – Entropy, Anti-entropy and the Living
– Giuseppe Longo

. 22 November 2022 – Supersociety and Social Generativity
– Chiara Giaccardi an Mauro Magatti

. 20 December 2023 – Challenges of Ecological Economics : Towards a Sustainable Growth ?
– Mario Giampietro and Robert Ayres (to be confirmed)

. 24 January 2023 – Flow economy and economy of the commons in the Age of Sustainability
– Gaël Giraud and Mark Swilling

. 21 February 2023 – Carbon and Silicon. Reframing the Technosphere and the Noosphere
– Dan Ross and Pieter Lemmens

. 21 March 2023 – Energetic Transition : Matter and Energy Flows in the Anthropocene
Olivier Vidal and Marina Fisher-Kovalski

. 18 April 2023 – Entropy and Information in Cybernetics and AI
Yuk Hui and David Bates

. 23 May 2023 – Economics as a « Cyborg Science » : Neoclassical Economy and Cybernetics
Philip Mirowski (to be confirmed)

. 20 June 2023 – Towards « Sustainable Selves » : Libidinal Energy and Psychic Entropy
Morten Nissen and Gerald Moore

. 11 July 2023 – Towards a Pharmacological Critique of the Capitalocene
Paolo Vignola et Sara Baranzoni

セミナー（2022年11月1日）アレクサンダー・Ｒ・ギャロウェイ：10の仕方で描くデジタル哲学略史

哲学と技術をめぐる対話

リサーチセミナー　第９回

アレクサンダー・Ｒ・ギャロウェイ：10通りの表現で描くデジタル哲学略史

ユク・ホイとの対話

2022年11月1日（火） 20:00-22:00 HKT/21:00-23:00 JST / 8:00-10:00 EST

オンラインイベント：Zoom  https://bit.ly/3xfkPhu にて、登録・参加ください

Facebook のイベントページ：https://fb.me/e/1Nn0Hw9t8

イベントは英語で行われます。

「デジタル哲学」とはなにを意味するのだろうか？　デジタル哲学者というのは、しばしば哲学そのものよりも物理学やコンピュータ・サイエンスを頼りにするわけだが、いわば世界はもっとも根本的な次元において離散的であると主張する者のことだ（この分野の同義語として「デジタル物理学」という語が用いられることもある）。かれらは、その主張の根拠を集めるにあたって、自然界——たとえば亜原子粒子の離散的なスピン状態や、ＤＮＡのエンコード能力——を頼りにしている。だが今回の対話では、自然にかんする命題としてではなく、哲学をするという行為における具体的決定として、デジタル哲学にアプローチする。私たちは、一連の単純なマテーム（mathemes 数学素）をつうじて——そのうち10種を取り上げて——この具体的決定について検討するだろう。そこにはかつて拒否されてきたか、あるいはデジタル哲学の長い歴史から切り離されてきたオルタナティヴな方式が含まれる。

アレクサンダー・Ｒ・ギャロウェイは、作家、コンピュータ・プログラマー。哲学、テクノロジー、メディア理論の問題に取り組む。ニューヨーク大学のメディア・文化・コミュニケーション学の教授。Uncomputable: Play and Politics in the Long Digital Age (Verso, 2021)など、デジタルメディアと批評理論にかんする著作複数。

2022年ベルナール・スティグレール記念講演

カール・ミッチャム

テクノロジーの政治哲学——レオ・シュトラウスのあとに

開会の辞：高世名（中国美術学院院長）

司会、コメンテーター：ユク・ホイ

2022年8月5日

20:00-22:00 HKT / 6:00-8:00 MST / 21:00-23:00 JST

イベントはオンラインで行われます。Zoom https://bit.ly/3OXgXI8 よりご登録ください。

Facebook ページ：https://fb.me/e/1FH4RsHYa

エンジニアリングとテクノロジーの哲学は、20世紀半ばに現れたときから、倫理や社会の問題にますます強い関心をもち、概念や認識論、存在論にかかわる有益な分析を提供してきた。他方、分析哲学的であれ現象学的であれ、いずれの学派でも政治哲学はさほど突出した問題とはなっていない。本講演では、（何かと議論を呼びはするが）20世紀でもっとも重要な政治哲学者のひとりであるレオ・シュトラウスの思想をもちいて、ある種独特なテクノロジーの政治哲学を探究したい。今回の目的は、シュトラウスの精妙で魅力的なテクストの数々に対し、膨大な文献の解説や解釈、議論をすることではない。むしろ、自分の読解がかれの意図に完全に忠実であるかを過度に気にすることなく、いくつかピックアップした側面から刺激を受けられるようにすることである。そして今回の仮説は、シュトラウスの思想が、エンジニアリングとテクノロジーにかんする政治的な言説のなかで見落とされているものを見出す助けになるのではないか、というものだ。

【講演者について】

カール・ミッチャムは、エンジニアリングとテクノロジーの哲学者。コロラド鉱山大学の人文学、芸術、社会科学の名誉教授、中国人民大学国際客員教授（技術哲学）。科学、テクノロジー、エンジニアリングの哲学と倫理を中心に仕事を行う。著書に Oxford Handbook of Interdisciplinarity (Robert Frodeman、Julie Thompson Klein との共著、2010)、Ethics and Science: An Introduction (Adam Briggle との共著、2012)、および Steps Toward a Philosophy of Engineering: Historico-Philosophical and Critical Essays (2020)。「哲学と技術のための社会」（SPT、1976）の創設にかかわり、アメリカ科学振興協会の「科学における自由と責任のための委員会」のメンバーをつとめた（1994-2000年）。2010年、スペイン・バレンシア国際大学より名誉博士号授与。受賞歴に Abbot Payson Usher Prize of the Society for the History of Technology (1973)、International World Technology Network (WTN) award for Ethics (2006) がある。

【本記念講演について】

「ベルナール・スティグレール記念講演」は2021年、この著名なフランスの哲学者の没後一年の日に「哲学と技術のリサーチネットワーク」により創設された。スティグレール氏が2015年から2019年にかけて客員教授をつとめた杭州の中国美術学院の協力により、毎年一回開催される。本記念講演では、スティグレール氏の仕事と遺産をしのび、さまざまな学者による講演を行う。

哲学と技術をめぐる対話

リサーチセミナー　第８回

ルチャーナ・パリーシ：道具性と可能性

ユク・ホイとの対話

2022年4月27日（水） 21:00-23:00 HKT/22:00-24:00 JST / 9:00-11:00 EST

オンラインイベント：Zoom にて、登録・参加ください

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今回のセミナーでは、計算機との関連性における道具性と可能性について、ルチャーナ・パリーシ氏に講演していただきます。講演のあとにはユク・ホイとの対話を行ないます。

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一般的に、道具性は手段と目的の相互関係を規定し、技術と哲学の相互関係に対する問いを設定しうる。今回の講演では、道具的理性の批判や、それがグローバルな計算機的資本を背景としたインテリジェントオートメーション（IA）にかんする昨今の議論のうちに有する遺産といった観点から、道具性について検討する。そして、アメリカのプラグマティズムを活用することで、メディアと思考の、またデータと観念的対象の同一化を拒むような道具性の概念を提示したい。この概念は、哲学と技術の対話に代替案を提供することができる。計算機による人種資本主義の構成のさなかに回帰する超越論的理性の危機（アルゴリズム的な規範やデータインフラストラクチャーにおける肉体、土地、水、石油、そして認知的、創造的、社会的な労働の抽出／抽象）は、西洋の形而上学の核心にある道具的理性によるこのような同一化をハックするラディカルな可能性となるのだ。まさにプロメテウスの神話が知のグローバルな種形成を強めた——そこでは知を条件づけるジェンダーや人種、性の生成が、さまざまな文化にまたがって再帰的に反復される——ように思われるのと同様に、インテリジェントオートメーションは、人間の明確なイメージの普遍性を実現するには不十分である。つまり思想と手段の食い違いはもはや修復しえないのだ。

ルチャーナ・パリーシは、デューク大学の文学・コンピュータメディアアート・文化プログラムの教授。研究テーマは文化、美学、政治におけるテクノロジーの哲学的探求。CCRU（Cybernetic Culture Research Unit）の元メンバーで、CCB （Critical Computation Bureau）の創立メンバー。著書に Abstract Sex: Philosophy, Biotechnology and the Mutations of Desire (2004, Continuum Press)、Contagious Architecture: Computation, Aesthetics and Space (2013, MIT Press) がある。現在、異質なるものの認識論と計算機処理における論理的思考の変形にかんする単著を執筆中。

【この連続セミナーについて】

「哲学と技術をめぐる対話」は、香港城市大学の支援および「哲学と技術のリサーチネットワーク」の協力のもと、「宇宙技芸的／批評的AI （Cosmotechnics/Critical AI）の研究プロジェクト」によってはじまった連続セミナーです。2021年秋季・2022年春季より、技術哲学の主要な学者による講演やワークショップを行ない、こんにちの哲学やテクノロジーにかんする喫緊の問題を解決することをめざします。

今後はカール・ミッチャムとのセミナー（5月25日）を開催予定です。今後のイベントを見逃さないためにも、私たちの Facebook ページのフォローやニュースレターの登録をお願いします。また Youtube の公式アカウントでは、過去のセミナーのアーカイブを公開しています。こちらもぜひご覧ください。

本連続セミナーの特設ページはこちら：http://cosmotechnics.org/research-seminars

セミナー（2022年3月16/17日）　アンドリュー・フィーンバーグ：意味と存在

哲学と技術をめぐる対話

リサーチセミナー　第７回

アンドリュー・フィーンバーグ：意味と存在

ユク・ホイとの対話

2022年3月16日（水） 18:00-20:00 PST

2022年3月17日（木） 9:00-11:00 HKT/10:00-12:00 JST

オンラインイベント：Zoom にて、登録・参加ください

Facebook のイベントページ：https://fb.me/e/35lCCKiWm

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私たちはふたつの世界に住んでいます——事実による客観的な世界と、私たちがさまざまな物と能動的に関係している生きられた世界です。これらふたつの世界を合わせて単一の現実とすることはできません。ですが、両者はたえず通じ合っています。今回の講演では、科学とテクノロジーを形成しているこの相互作用について論じようと思います。

アンドリュー・フィーンバーグは、サイモン・フレーザー大学コミュニケーション学部の名誉教授。応用コミュニケーションおよびテクノロジー研究所主任。2013-2019年、パリ・国際哲学コレージュにてプログラムディレクターを務める。著作に Questioning Technology、Transforming Technology、Heidegger and Marcuse、Between Reason and Experience、The Philosophy of Praxis、Technosystem: The Social Life of Reason がある。今年、ヘルベルト・マルクーゼにかんする新著を Verso Books より刊行予定。

【この連続セミナーについて】

「哲学と技術をめぐる対話」は、香港城市大学の支援および「哲学と技術のリサーチネットワーク」の協力のもと、「宇宙技芸的／批評的AI （Cosmotechnics/Critical AI）の研究プロジェクト」によってはじまった連続セミナーです。2021年秋季・2022年春季より、技術哲学の主要な学者による講演やワークショップを行ない、こんにちの哲学やテクノロジーにかんする喫緊の問題を解決することをめざします。

今後は、ルチアーナ・パリージ（4月20日）、カール・ミッチャム（5月25日）などとのセミナーを開催予定です。今後のイベントを見逃さないためにも、私たちの Facebook ページのフォローやニュースレターの登録をお願いします。また Youtube の公式アカウントでは、過去のセミナーのアーカイブを公開しています。こちらもぜひご覧ください。

Book Conversation: Discriminating Data by Wendy Chun

In dialogue with Yuk Hui

Thu 10 March 2022, 5pm PST / Fri 11 March 2022, 9am HKT

Online Event: Register to join via Zoom

Facebook Event: https://fb.me/e/304BhrtRH

In this event, Wendy Chun will discuss her latest book Discriminating Data (2021, MIT Press) in conversation with Yuk Hui.

In Discriminating Data, Chun reveals how polarization is a goal—not an error—within big data and machine learning. These methods, she argues, encode segregation, eugenics, and identity politics through their default assumptions and conditions. Correlation, which grounds big data’s predictive potential, stems from twentieth-century eugenic attempts to “breed” a better future. Recommender systems foster angry clusters of sameness through homophily. Users are “trained” to become authentically predictable via a politics and technology of recognition. Machine learning and data analytics thus seek to disrupt the future by making disruption impossible.

Chun, who has a background in systems design engineering as well as media studies and cultural theory, explains that although machine learning algorithms may not officially include race as a category, they embed whiteness as a default. Facial recognition technology, for example, relies on the faces of Hollywood celebrities and university undergraduates—groups not famous for their diversity. Homophily emerged as a concept to describe white U.S. resident attitudes to living in biracial yet segregated public housing. Predictive policing technology deploys models trained on studies of predominantly underserved neighbourhoods. Trained on selected and often discriminatory or dirty data, these algorithms are only validated if they mirror this data.

How can we release ourselves from the vice-like grip of discriminatory data? Chun calls for alternative algorithms, defaults, and interdisciplinary coalitions in order to desegregate networks and foster a more democratic big data.

Wendy Hui Kyong Chun is Canada 150 Research Chair in New Media in the School of Communication, and Director of the Digital Democracies Institute at Simon Fraser University. She has studied both Systems Design Engineering and English Literature, which she combines and mutates in her current work on digital media. She is author of Control and Freedom: Power and Paranoia in the Age of Fiber Optics (MIT, 2006), Programmed Visions: Software and Memory (MIT 2011), Updating to Remain the Same: Habitual New Media (MIT 2016), and Discriminating Data (2021, MIT Press), and co-author of Pattern Discrimination (University of Minnesota + Meson Press 2019). She has been Professor and Chair of the Department of Modern Culture and Media at Brown University, where she worked for almost two decades and where she’s currently a Visiting Professor.

セミナー（2022年2月22日）ヘニング・シュミットゲン：機械をめぐる規範性

哲学と技術をめぐる対話

リサーチセミナー　第６回

ヘニング・シュミットゲン：機械をめぐる規範性

ユク・ホイとの対話

2022年2月22日（火）

13:00-15:00 CET / 20:00-22:00 HKT / 21:00-23:00 JST

オンラインイベント：Zoomにて、登録・参加ください

Facebook のイベントページ：https://fb.me/e/26XbnnKMJ

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こんにちの社会では、テクノロジーは使用者の生活を円滑にし、向上させるような、有益で役に立つ「存在の様態」だと考えられています。それと同時に、しばしばテクノロジーは、ますます抽象化されている組織体や権力が課す制限や束縛だと感じられてもいます。とくにデジタル・テクノロジーの使用は、私たちの自己決定能力——またそれゆえ規範的な行動の可能性——を制限する曖昧な規則や前提条件、そして帰結と頻繁に結びつけられています。このような状況においては、アルゴリズムや人工知能、情報資本主義の批判だけが適切であり、必要なわけではありません。私が論じるように、「機械をめぐる規範性」つまりテクノロジーを主観的かつ創造的に使う可能性や能力についての、より射程を広げた反省もまた問題となっているのです。

今回の講演では、ジル・ドゥルーズとフェリックス・ガタリのいう「技術的生気論」の哲学的な伝統に言及することで、機械をめぐる規範性という概念を導入します。そして、この伝統にはドゥルーズとガタリだけではなく、ジョルジュ・カンギレムやクルト・ゴールドシュタインといった哲学者や医師も含まれることを示そうと思います。この伝統にとってきわめて重要なのは「技術」への生物学的な観点です。そこでは技術という言葉が、ひとの環境を形作る可能性と同義であると考えられます。そうしたわけで、「技術への問い」に対する私たちの答えは、ほかでもなくこの観点を実現することにかかっているのです。

■

ヘニング・シュミットゲンは、ドイツのバウハウス大学ヴァイマールメディア学部教授。ベルリンおよびパリで、心理学、哲学、言語学を学ぶ。1996年、ベルリン自由大学にて心理学の博士号を取得。1997年から2001年まで、ベルリンのマックス・プランク科学史研究所（Dept. Rheinberger）にて博士研究員をつとめる。2011年、科学史およびメディア研究のハビリタツィオン（大学教授資格）を取得。2011年より2014年まで、レーゲンスブルク大学にてメディア美学の教授をつとめる。

シュミットゲンは、メディア研究と科学史のへだたりを架橋しながら、ガタリの機械やカンギレムの諸概念にくわえ、生理学、心理学、精神分析における時間の問題にかんする研究を広く行なっている。その研究が Isis、Configurations、Grey Room などのジャーナルに掲載されているほか、近著に The Helmholtz-Curves（2014年）、Tracing Lost Time（2014年）、The Guattari Tapes（2019年）、Horn, or The Counterside of Media（2022年）がある。

【この連続セミナーについて】

「哲学と技術をめぐる対話」は、香港城市大学の支援および「哲学と技術のリサーチネットワーク」の協力のもと、「宇宙技芸的／批評的AI （Cosmotechnics/Critical AI）の研究プロジェクト」によってはじまった連続セミナーです。2021年秋季・2022年春季より、技術哲学の主要な学者による講演やワークショップを行ない、こんにちの哲学やテクノロジーにかんする喫緊の問題を解決することをめざします。

今後は、アンドリュー・フィーンバーグ（3月16日）、ルチアーナ・パリージ（4月20日）、カール・ミッチャム（5月25日）などとのセミナーを開催予定です。今後のイベントを見逃さないためにも、私たちの Facebook ページのフォローやニュースレターの登録をお願いします。また Youtube の公式アカウントでは、過去のセミナーのアーカイブを公開しています。こちらもぜひご覧ください。